Audio zello capitol zello12/20/2023 Many frameworks that capture information needs were developed for disaster management, especially for situational awareness during the response phase (Cinque, Esposito, Fiorentino et al., 2015 Comes, 2011 Comes, Wijngaards, & Van de Walle, 2015 George Stephen, 2010 Han Liangxiu, 2010 Lazreg, Radianti, & Granmo, 2015 Li, Becerik-Gerber, Krishnamachari, & Soibelman, 2014 Liang & Gao, 2010 Nunavath, Radianti, Comes et al., 2015 Upadhyay Rochan, 2008. However, these SAR guidelines do not characterize the information items needed by first responders to obtain the overview of the situation (Departmentet FEMA, 2006). The approach therefore ultimately helps to gain insights on evolved dynamic exchanged information and information needs over time. This paper aims at providing a concept of such a time varying information analysis, and present findings from an indoor fire game. Moreover, there is still lack of automatic and easily understandable tools that help to structure and visualize the evolving dynamic information that is shared during search and rescue operations. ![]() However, understanding and analyzing the shared information is a complex and very challenging task. From this abundant data, rescue groups share needed information which is hidden in the data with one another to make decisions, obtain situational awareness and also assign tasks to the other rescue teams. But, to work efficiently, the emergency responders have to rely on the data which gets generated from heterogeneous sources during SAR operation. To perform search and rescue (SAR) operation, complex networks of people from different emergency organizations work together to rescue affected people and to mitigate the property losses. Besides, the developed domain model serves as a foundational component to create an information system to unify, facilitate and expedite access to emergency related information for facilitating data exchange format and enable knowledge sharing among different emergency actors. The developed domain model includes four aspects: i) characteristics of the event, ii) actors involved, iii) goals to achieve and iv) Building characteristics. The presented results combine the knowledge from semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and through literature review. In our study, domain modelling approach has been used to represent the concepts formally. ![]() Therefore, in this paper we provide a formal structure to the concepts that describes the building fire emergency management domain in order to provide a common semantic understanding for ERs. In addition, the success of the emergency response lies on the ERs’ coordination and their interoperability (information systems interoperability). ![]() Despite ERs share knowledge with one another they have to use same concepts to obtain the semantic understanding in order to perform actions for achieving goals. However, this can only be done when ERs get access to the information in timely manner and share the acquired information with one another during emergency response. Moreover, during the immediate response, getting the awareness of the situation is very crucial for ERs to lessen the emergency impacts such as loss of life and damage to the property. When any kind of emergency occurs, Emergency Responders (ERs) from different emergency organizations (such as police, fire, ambulance and municipality) have to act concurrently to solve the difficulties which are posed at the emergency site. ![]() This might be explained as technology is more effective for sharing the information which is available on the smartphone application for obtaining situational awareness and for coordination. The results indicate that information categories which are formulated more recurrent in second scenario than first scenario. The presented results combine observations, qualitative and quantitative data analysis on videotaped data after the game. So, in this study we conduct an indoor fire drill with the help of Smartphone application with two settings (without SmartRescue smartphone application and with SmartRescue smartphone application) to find out what type of information is mostly communicated in both scenarios and needed by response teams. Moreover, one of the key actions of rescue leaders is to get the needed information in order to coordinate effectively with other teams and perform well. However, one of the key challenges experienced by these rescue groups during SAR operation is obtaining the complete awareness of the situation from the shared information. In search and rescue (SAR) operation, a lot of information is being shared among different emergency response groups.
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